# Zhang Zhanhai

Sovereignty of the Deep: China’s Quest to Break the ‘Chokepoint’ in its Ten-Trillion-Yuan Marine Economy

China is attempting to restructure its massive marine economy by pivoting from state-led research to private-sector innovation to overcome technological 'chokepoints.' Amid bureaucratic fragmentation and geopolitical pressure, Beijing is seeking to transition from a participant to a rule-maker in global maritime governance.